But what if the second referee does not see the discreet signal or does not see the fault? In order to whistle the position fault, the first referee must be absolutely sure of the fault, and since the first referee is obliged to watch the contact of serve, he or she must be certain that the receiving team remains out of position at the time of service contact. There are times the view from the referee stand allows the first referee to see these positional faults differently (or better) than the second referee can from the floor. Current training is to have the first referee discreetly signal/indicate to the second referee that there is a receiving team position fault. Position faults on the receiving team present a challenge for the first referee. However, if the first referee is certain that a centerline fault occurred, it is appropriate to give the second referee a second to make the call, and then whistle the fault if necessary to get the call right. As a result, there is a risk to the officiating crew’s credibility when the first referee makes this call. Centerline faultsĪlthough infrequent, there are times that the first referee can see a centerline fault, but should he or she whistle that fault, taking the call away from the second referee? The first referee cannot consistently pay attention to the centerline, as his or her primary focus should typically be elsewhere. And in the rules codes where some encroachment situations can be judged as legal, the first referee might not know the other centerline judgments that the second referee has made previously. It is a common practice for the first referee to hesitate for just a second to give the second referee the opportunity to make the call, and then whistle it if needed. When the first referee makes this call, there is strong likelihood of establishing or improving the participants’ confidence in the officiating crew. Sometimes, the second referee is screened from this fault by the arms and bodies of the blockers. The simplest example is a net fault, especially when the fault is on a blocker close to the first referee. There are three easy examples that come to mind where the first referee could whistle a fault that is a primary responsibility for the second referee. But what about the situations where the first referee should make a call that “belongs” to the second referee? Are there any occasions where the second referee should make a call that “belongs” to the first referee? What are the consequences of making these calls? Most first referees are quite willing to consider assistance offered by the other members of the team since, by rule, they have final authority over all decisions. For the second referee, this problem can be overcome by the use of discreet signals, used to give input to the first referee. However, the reality is that there are times that one of the referees witnesses infractions outside his or her primary area of responsibility. In the best of cases, this division of duties ensures that, between them, the referees are able to judge the legality of each contact of every rally throughout a match. The duties of the first and second referees are delineated in the rulebook.
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